Bailey Family Motto for What It Brighter Than the Stars
Patriotic causes
Derived from the Latin baiulus, which became bailli in Old French, Baillie and its popular spelling variant Bailey is an occupational surname denoting a porter, steward or civic official.
Until the post was abolished under local regime reorganisation in Scotland in 1975, a 'baillie', or 'bailey', was the equivalent of the English 'magistrate', or 'alderman', and survives north of the border today only as a courtesy title.
Still, although primarily an occupational surname, it is thought that information technology may too have adult every bit a 'location' surname – the location in question being the rural French community of Bailleul-En-Vimeu, well-nigh Abbeville, in Normandy.
Another particularly intriguing theory, although it should be stressed there is no firm bear witness to support it, is that the ancestors of some Baillies of today may originally take been 'Balliols'.
It is thought that some original bearers of the Baillol name may accept inverse it to 'Baillie' in order to distance themselves from what was seen at the time as the shame of the hapless Scottish monarch John Balliol.
History has certainly not been kind to this much-ridiculed king of Scots.
In what is known equally the Great Crusade – the highly complex deliberations to decide who was entitled to have over the throne of Scotland following the decease of the babe heir to the throne, Margaret, the Maid of Norway, in 1290 – Scottish nobles turned to England'due south Edward I for a solution.
For reasons that best suited his ain dynastic ambitions, he ruled that John Balliol was the rightful heir – but Balliol became a mere tool of the arrogant and all-powerful Edward, better known to posterity as 'Hammer of the Scots.'
Balliol eventually launched what proved to be an bootless and disastrous rebellion against the humiliating position in which both he and the Scottish nation had been placed – only to terminate up beingness stripped of all his honours and titles by Edward.
This led to him being dubbed 'Toom Tabard', meaning 'empty cloak', and signifying someone of no power or substance, past his equally humiliated Scottish subjects.
It was left to the likes of the great freedom fighter Sir William Wallace and, later, the warrior king Robert the Bruce to restore Scotland'due south honour in what is known equally the Wars of Scottish Independence.
Any the origins of the Baillie name, what is known with certainty is that it was nowadays in Scotland from earliest times.
A William de Bailli, or Baillie, is offset recorded in Lothian in 1311, and information technology is from him that the prominent Lanarkshire families of the Baillies of Lamington and the Baillies of Jerviswood descend – in addition to the Baillies of Polkemmet, West Lothian, and the Baillies of Dochfour and Dunain, in the Inverness area.
Of Anglo-Norman roots, William de Baillie, of Hoperig, in Berwickshire, was granted the Lamington lands by David II.
Baillie had fought at his side in October of 1346 at the boxing of Neville's Cross, near Durham, a conflict that ended not merely in a decisive defeat for the Scots simply also in the wounding and capture of David.
Information technology was not until eleven years after that the monarch was released and allowed to return to his native Scotland.
In the post-obit century, Alexander Baillie, of the Baillies of Lamington, was granted the lands of Dochfour and Dunain, in the area of Inverness, for his back up of the royalist cause at the battle of Brechin.
Fought in May of 1452 just over ii miles from the town of Brechin, in the northeast of Scotland, it was role of vicious civil war in which the powerful Blackness Douglases and other nobles who included Alexander Lindsay, fourth Earl of Crawford and also known as the Tiger Earl, were arrayed confronting James for control of the kingdom.
A royalist army led on the king's behalf by George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly, and that included Alexander Baillie in its ranks, defeated the rebel forces led by the Tiger Earl.
It was in reward for his services that the Earl of Huntly granted Alexander Baillie the lands of Dochfour and Dunain and also appointed him Lawman of Inverness Castle.
But the fortunes of the Baillies went into reject after many of their lands were forfeited equally punishment for their support of Mary, Queen of Scots at the battle of Langside.
The sick-starred Queen had earlier escaped from Lochleven Castle, in which she had been imprisoned after being forced to sign her abdication, by a torso known every bit the Amalgamated Lords.
A group of 9 earls, nine bishops, xviii lairds, and others who included the Baillies signed a bond declaring their back up for her, and both sides met at Langside, most Glasgow, on May 13, 1568.
Mary'due south forces, under the command of the Earl of Argyll, had been en route to the mighty bastion of Dumbarton Castle, atop its near inaccessible eminence on Dumbarton Rock, on the Clyde, when it was intercepted by a numerically junior but tactically superior force led by her half-blood brother, the Earl of Moray.
Cannon burn had been exchanged between both sides earlier a strength of Argyll'southward infantry tried to force a passage through to the village of Langside, but they were fired on by a disciplined body of musketeers and forced to retreat as Moray launched a cavalry accuse on their dislocated ranks.
The battle proved disastrous for Mary and signalled the death knell of her cause, with more than 100 of her supporters killed or captured and Mary forced to flee into what she then naively thought would be the protection of England'south Queen Elizabeth – only to be executed nearly 20 years later on Elizabeth'southward orders.
The Baillies experienced a revival in their fortunes in the following century, when George Baillie of the branch of the Baillies of Lamington known every bit the Baillies of St John's Kirk, bought the lands of Jerviswood, in Lanarkshire, and later the estate of Mellerstain, in Berwickshire, but a cruel fate was in store for his son, Robert Baillie, known every bit Baillie of Jerviswood and honoured today as a Scottish patriot.
Built-in into a time of religious strife in Scotland, he became a supporter as an developed of the National Covenant – which renounced Catholic belief, pledged to uphold the Presbyterian religion and called for costless parliaments and assemblies.
Described equally 'the glorious marriage day of the kingdom with God', the Covenant was signed at Edinburgh's Greyfriars Kirk on February 28, 1638, four years afterward Baillie'south birth, past Scottish nobles, barons, burgesses and ministers.
It was subscribed to the following 24-hour interval by hundreds of ordinary people, and copies made and dispatched effectually Scotland and signed by thousands more.
With persecution of Presbyterians at its tiptop in 1676, Baillie of Jerviswood was imprisoned for 4 months and fined £500 later rescuing his brother-in-law, the Church of Scotland government minister James Kirkton, from confinement.
Disillusioned with what many saw as the arbitrary rule of the Cosmic monarch Charles Two, in 1683 he became linked to the Rye House Plot – an abortive endeavor to ambush and assassinate Charles and the Duke of York (the futurity James II) as they returned from the horse races at Newmarket to London.
The aim of the plot had been to place Charles' illegitimate son, the Duke of Monmouth, on the throne and Baillie had been approached to lend his support to an insurgence on Monmouth's behalf in Scotland.
The program had been to hide a ring of conspirators on the grounds of Rye House, near Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire, and so block the road and ambush and kill the royal pair.
The program only failed because Charles and his son had set off on the road back to London earlier than had been expected.
Arrested in London shortly after the attempt came to light, Baillie was returned to Scotland, where he was heavily fined and imprisoned.
In Dec of 1684 he was brought up again before the High Courtroom on a charge of treason.
Plant guilty, he was hanged at the Mercat Cross in Edinburgh, while many of his family were forced to seek refuge for a time in The netherlands.
Another noted supporter of the principles of the National Covenant was the Church of Scotland government minister and historical author Robert Baillie.
Born in 1602 and of the Baillies of Jerviswood co-operative of the family, he was one of the leading members of the Glasgow Associates of 1638 that re-established the Presbyterian organized religion in Scotland, and also served for a fourth dimension as clergyman to the Scottish Covenanting army commanded by General David Leslie in add-on to writing a number of historical works.
Appointed professor of divinity at Glasgow University in 1642, he was appointed main a twelvemonth before his death in 1662, while one of his descendants was Clementina Walkinshaw, mistress of Charles Edward Stuart.
Enduring legacies
Away from religious strife, bearers of the Baillie proper name have brought honour to the name through rather more peaceful pursuits.
Married to George Baillie, a son of the patriot Robert Baillie of Jerviswood, Lady Grisel Baillie was the noted songwriter born in 1665 at Redbraes Castle, Berwickshire, the eldest daughter of Sir Patrick Hume of Polwarth, who later on took the title Earl of Marchmont.
It was Lady Baillie and her husband who were responsible for commissioning the original building between 1725 and 1778 of what today is the magnificent Mellerstain Business firm, the stately home due north of Kelso, in the Scottish Borders.
Standing in 80 hectares of parkland, information technology is at present the seat of the 13th Earl of Haddington and is recognised equally one Scotland'due south historic monuments.
In addition to her highly detailed business relationship books that provide a fascinating insight into her life and times, she too penned a number of songs that were first printed in the 1725 Orpheus Caledonius and include And were'na my heart light I wad dee.
She died in 1746 and was later immortalised in verse by her distant relative, the historic poet and dramatist Joanna Baillie, in her 1821 drove Metrical Legends of Exalted Characters.
Born in 1762 in Bothwell, Lanarkshire, her father, the Rev. James Baillie was for a fourth dimension professor of divinity at Glasgow University while her mother, Dorothea, was a sister of the famous Scottish anatomists and physicians John and William Hunter.
Following the death of her father in 1778, she moved with her mother and sister to Long Calderwood, near E Kilbride, and subsequently settled in London to keep house for her brother, the physician and pathologist Matthew Baillie.
Joanna quickly became one of the leading lights of the London literary scene, while on visits dorsum to her native Scotland she frequently stayed with the great man of letters Sir Walter Scott.
Well-nigh of her poems and plays, including Plays on the Passions, were published in a unmarried volume shortly earlier she died in 1851 in her minor cottage in Hampstead, on the outskirts of London.
Her blood brother Matthew, born in 1761 and who died in 1823, studied anatomy in London nether his uncle, John Hunter, after existence educated at both Glasgow University and Oxford University.
Elected a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 1790, his volume The Morbid Anatomy of Some of the Most Important Parts of the Human Body, is regarded as the first systematic study of pathology.
Returning to the close Baillie connexion with the religious sphere, John Baillie and his younger brother Donald Macpherson Baillie were leading figures in the Church of Scotland in the early twentieth century.
Built-in in Gairloch, Wester Ross, the son of a Complimentary Church building of Scotland minister, he studied at Edinburgh University, where he later returned every bit professor of theology afterward teaching in both Canada and the United States.
Moderator in 1943 of the General Associates of the Church of Scotland and the author of a number of important theological works that include A Diary of Private Prayer, he died in 1960.
His brother Donald, born in 1887, too studied at Edinburgh University and later became professor of divinity at St Mary's College, St Andrews University.
In mutual with his brother, he besides wrote a number of important works, including God was in Christ, published vii years before his expiry in 1954.
From religion to finance, Colonel Augustus Baillie, born in 1861 and who died in 1939, was one of the founders of what prospers to this day as Baillie Gifford and Co., one of the world'due south largest investment managers.
Awarded both the DSO and the Distinguished Conduct Medal for his actions during the 2nd Boer War of 1899 to 1902, and later on promoted to the rank of colonel, he served during the First Globe State of war as commanding officer of the 2d Lovat Scouts.
It was before this conflict that in 1907, along with Carlyle Gifford, that he founded in Edinburgh what was then the legal firm of Baillie and Gifford.
Twenty years afterwards, and still headquartered in Edinburgh where it remains to this solar day, it had changed from a legal firm to an investment business.
Baillie died in 1939, while the visitor he co-founded at present employs virtually 700 people and has an estimated £66 billion of assets under management.
1 of the well-nigh colourful bearers of the Baillie proper name was the Anglo-American heiress, landowner and socialite Olive, Lady Baillie.
Born in the United States in 1899 as Olive Cecilia Paget, she was a girl of the Englishman Almeric Paget, later 1st Businesswoman Queenborough and his American wife Pauline Payne Whitney, daughter and heiress of the tycoon William C. Whitney.
Both she and her younger sister inherited a considerable fortune on the death of their mother in 1916, and Olive was educated in France – where for a time she served equally a nurse during the First World War.
The offset of what would plough out to be her three marriages came in 1919 when she married Charles Winn, a son of the Baron St Oswald, of Nostell Priory, in Yorkshire.
The couple divorced six years later, and she re-married to Arthur Wilson Filmer, with whom she purchased what was then the rather battered Leeds Castle.
The couple divorced in 1931, but Olive retained the castle, using her personal fortune to fund major renovations.
It was shortly afterwards her divorce from her second husband that she married Sir Adrian Baillie, 6th Baronet of Polkemmet, and acquired the title of 'Lady Baillie'.
The couple divorced in 1944, x years after the birth of their son, Gawaine, who was aged only thirteen when he inherited the championship of Baronet of Polkemmet on the death of his begetter.
Lady Baillie meanwhile spent massive sums of coin on the renovation of Leeds Castle and its estate, employing the talents, among others, of the noted French designers Armand-Albert Rateau and Stéphane Boudin.
Renowned as a hostess, guests invited to weekend parties embraced the worlds of politics, royalty, the phase and literature.
They included such famous figures equally the British politician Anthony Eden and the German administrator to United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland Joachim von Ribbentrop, in addition to Edward, Prince of Wales, and his future wife Wallace Simpson, the 'James Bond' author Ian Fleming and the actors Charlie Chaplin, Errol Flynn, James Stewart and Robert Taylor.
The castle was used as a hospital during the Second Globe War, but at the stop of the conflict became the venue again for weekend parties whose guests included both the Queen Mother and Queen Elizabeth.
Lady Baillie died in 1974, leaving an estate estimated at virtually £4m.
Arrangements were made under the terms of her will for the castle to be administered past a charitable trust and opened to the public, while her son Gawaine inherited 3,400 acres of the castle'due south estates.
Equally as colourful as his mother, Sir Gawaine Baillie, 7th Baronet of Polkemmet, was not just a prominent engineer and industrialist but also an amateur racing driver and noted collector of stamps from U.k. and the British Empire.
It was following his expiry in 2003 that Sotheby'due south of London put his massive collection of more than 100,000 stamps upwards for sale – fetching close on £20m.
Family unit History Mini Book
We hope you enjoyed reading this excerpt from this mini book on the Scottish history of the Baillie family.
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Source: https://clan.com/family/bailey
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